The development of autonomous vehicles may bring about both positive and adverse effects on public health. If implemented correctly, autonomous vehicles might decrease the number of car accidents, saving an estimated 25,000 lives yearly in the United States alone, with economic benefits worth over $200 billion annually. Autonomous electric vehicles used in a ridesharing format and combined with other modes of transportation like cycling and walking could promote physical activity, reduce pollution, and create more public space for a healthier urban design.However, if autonomous vehicles are based on fossil fuel engines and individual ownership, it may lead to an increase in motorized traffic, more sedentary behavior, and poorer air quality. Overall, the impact of autonomous vehicles on public health will depend on how the technology is developed and implemented, with a focus on sustainable and healthy transportation options being essential for positive outcomes.